Valve for internal-combustion engines.



E. W. BRADY. VALVE FOR INTER NAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

l APPLICATION FILED JULY 8, 1907. gff.

WITNESSES:

F. W. BRADY.

'VALVE FOR INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 8, 1907.

Patented May i0, i910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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WITNES:

FRANCIS W. BRADY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

VALV FOR INTERNAL-CMBUSTION ENGINES.

naman.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 10, 1910.

Application filed July 8, 1907. Serial No. 382,701.

l To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, F annals lV. BRADY, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county and State of `New York, haveinvented certain new and uset'ul Improvements in Valves forinternal-Combastion Engines; and I do hereby declare the toilowing tothea full, clear, and exact description of the, invention, such as will en.able othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to malte and usethe same.

In the construction of internal combustion engines, Where, l haveattempted to use an exhaust valve which not operated mechan ically fromthe engine shaft, but isoperated automatically by the pressure of theexhaust gases themselves. l have encountered diiiiculties, particularlyWhere the engine is de'- signed for great power, lor to runat highspeed, arising from the fact that the throw of the Valve, resulting fromthe pressure of the outgoing gases, is very violent and so destroys thespring or cushion against which the valve works in its outward movement.The construction forming the subject matter of this application has beendesigned to overcome'these diiculties, and it is generally applicable tothe constrnctionyot valves operatf ing autometieally b v the pressure ofthe niovii'lg gases.

The construction and mode of operation of my improved valve will beunderstood from a consideration el the accompanying drawings and thisspecification.

ln the drawings, Figure l illustrates an exhaust 'valve embodying myinvention applied to an internal combustion engine; Fig.

2 isa cross-section on the line Q-Z o'l Fig. l Fig. 3 is a modified formof exhaust valve, shown in cross-section; Fig. 4 is a showing, in crossection, of an inlet valve embodying my invention; and Figs. 5 and (lillustrate further modified forms.

In Fig. l the valve construction, embodying` my invention, is shown asapplied to an internal combustion engine A. This engine forms no part ofmy present invention and its general construction will be understoodfrom the drawing without detailed description. ln the head of thecylinder body of the engine a valve chamber r1. separated from thecombustion chamber ot' the engine by the valve which is operated,through the rocking-arm c, from the engine shaft. inthe valve chamber othe inlet pipe l terminates', and on the other side of the chamber a, isformed the outlet or exhaust valve chamber c. This chamber is separatedfrom the chamber a by suitable partitions carrying the seated valves fand f, the stems of which are rigidly connected togetherrby the lever ypivoted on the bracket L projecting from the cylinder body. lt Will beobserve that the surface ofthe v'alve j' which opens outwardly isgreater than the surface of the valve j" which opensI inwardly; and thatthe valves are held in the position shown in Fig. l b v the spring z'.

In operation the exhaust gases pass from the engine cylinder across theValve b into the chamber e and against the surfaces of the valves f andf. `The preponde ance of pressure upon the greater surface f the valve fthrows open this valve againjt the action of the spring `and themovement of the valve is transmitted through the lever r/ to the valvef. whi'ch. in opening against the pressureI ol theexhanst gases,cushions the valve ff, relative extent of the surt'aces of th'ejtivo valyes and f ma y be regulated to suit/the l,circnmstances governing anyparticular design, so that the exhaust valve may be nnule to open withthe desired force and speed. Y

ln the construction shown in Fig. 3, the valve surfaces f and j",instead of being connected through their stems by the lever g aremounted on a single stem mf. The de-yy signer may, in particular cases,use a spring to seat the valves, but ordinarily the Weight ot the valvestructure is suliicient for that purpose.

ln Fig. l-. r is an inlet chamber adapted to communicate through thevalves s s with an engine cylinder. ln this case the valve stems areintended to be connected together in the same manner as the valve stemsof Fig. l, but the larger valve .s' is opened inwardly by the pressureof the gases and the smaller valve s opens outwardly against thatpressure.

ln the. construction shown in Fig. 5 the collars n and n. on the stem ofthe valve t, instead of fitting tightly the end of the lever y, are soplaced as to give a' limitedk play to the valve, thusconstituting a lostmotion device. in this case the valve t opens freely under the pressureot' the gases until the collar 71, strikes the end of the lever arm,whereupon the cushioning by the valve t becomeselteetivc. lt Will heobserved that in this construction the valve surface t may be equal to,greater than, or less than the valve surface z5.

ln the construction shown in Fig. 6 the arm o of the lever g is longerthan the arm c', whereby the surface of the valve u may be smaller thanthe surface of the valve u.

l These several structures have each its own advantage under particularcircumstances, but they are all characterized by the fact that the valveopening under the pressure ot the gases is cushioned by a snr-faceopening against that pressure to which surface the movement ot theopening valve is transmitted.

By means of this invention, l am able to successfully employv in aninternal combus- -tion engine 'et large power and high speed a valvewhich is automaticallj7 actuated by the pressure of the gases, therebyretaining the many advantages and the large factor of safety inherentinsuch a valve structure.

l. ln an internal combustion engine7 a cointnistion chamber havini@T aport throngh which the contents o' the combustion chamber as a wholepass dni-ing the rcciprocaticn ol' the piston, a valve vopening in thedirection ot lio'w of the gases and actuated b v the movement thereofand controlling` said port, and cushioning incchai'iisin for Said valvecomprisingh a surface operativelj,T connected therewith and movingYagainst. the pressure of the gases; substantially as described.

2.111 an internal combustion enc'ine, a`

1 -c` combustion chamber havingl a port through ber as a Whole. passduring the reeiprocatien oi' the piston, a valve actuated by themovement of the gases and controlling said'port, a second valve openingagainst the pressure of thegases, and connection mechanism between saidvalves for transmitting the movement of the r'st valve to the second,vvhere`` by the movement of the rst valve is ioned; substantiallf,7 asdescribed.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a combustion chamber having a portthrough which the contents of the combustion chambei as 'a Whole passduring the reciprocation of thepiston, a valve actuated by the movementofthe gases and controlling' said port, a surface arranged to moveaga/inst the pressure of the gases, and connecting mechanism between thevalve and said surface, said connecting mechanism including a lostmotion device; substantially as described.

et. An engine having,r a valve opening ontvfardlv from the combustionchamber and thronghwhich the contents of that chamber are exhausted,said valve being` actnatcdby the pressure of the confined gases on theexhanst stroke o the piston. in combination With means for cushioning`said valve comi rising a ple-,te nnahanically connected thereto andnnvvfn i' against the pressure of the said gases; su antiallv asdescribed.

allii'v inf. signature,

onshl'n testimony whereof in presence of tivo Witnesses.

FRANCS 'WA BRADY f'itnesses Bnnonss A. Conner, LEW. C. Moons,

